Anglo-Dutch firm Loders Croklaan received US patent 6184009 6 Feb for their enzymatic process for increasing the content of conjugated long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (benign fat) in edible oils.

Besides Loders, others active in this field are Sylvachem Corporation, Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Dale E. Swinney (individual), and Kraft General Foods.
 
Abstract:

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    A process for preparing a material B comprising geometrical isomers L1 and L2 of conjugated linoleic acid moieties in a specific weight ratio of XB wherein a material A selected from free fatty acids, mono-, di- or tri-glycerides, phospholipids, alkyl esters or wax-esters containing at least 5 weight % of L1 and L2 are subjected to enzymatic conversion using an enzyme that can discriminate between L1 and L2 so that the original weight ratio of L1 to L2 of XA in the starting material is increased to XB where XB is equal to or greater  than 1.1 XA. Advantageously, the isomers L1 and L2 are cis9, trans11 and trans10, cis12 linoleic acid or vice versa. The enzyme is
    advantageously a lipase obtained from Geotrichum candidum or Candida rugosa or a phospholipase. The starting material A may be, for example, a fish oil or vegetable oil. The resulting products may be blended with a complementary fat and may be used as foods or food supplements or in pharmaceutical compositions.


First of 6 claims:


A process for the preparation of a material B comprising geometrical isomers of conjugated linoleic acid moieties in a specific ratio XB, which comprises:


enzymatically converting a material A which contains at least 5 wt % of geometrical isomers of conjugated linoleic acid moieties comprising two different geometrical isomers L1 and L2 which are cis9, trans11 and trans10, cis12 linoleic acid or vice versa, in a weight ratio L1 :L2 of XA, by reacting in the presence of an enzyme:  (i) at least one free fatty acid containing at least 5 wt % of L1 and L2 as material A with:

    (a) a mono-alcohol or a polyalcohol,
    (b) a monoglyceride, diglyceride or triglyceride,
    (c) an alkylester, or
    (d) a phospholipid, or
    (ii) at least one monoglyceride, diglyceride or triglyceride  containing at least 5 wt % of L1 and L2 as material A with:
    (a) water,
    (b) a mono-alcohol or a polyalcohol,
    (c) an alkylester, or
    (d) a phospholipid

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wherein the enzyme used for the reaction is a lipase obtained from Geotrichum candidum or Candida rugosa or a phospholipase, which lipase has the ability to discriminate between L1 and L2, whereby the reaction results in a mixture of at least two products one of which comprises the material B containing L1 and L2 in a weight-ratio XB wherein XB is at least 1.1 XA to thereby provide an enrichment of one of the isomers L1 or L2 with respect to the other relative to the weight ratio of said isomers in material A and thereafter recovering material B from the reaction mixture.


By Navroz Havewala, just-food.com correspondent